Understanding UK Planning Legislation for Residential Properties: Permitted Development vs. Full Planning Applications
Planning permission can feel like a daunting hurdle for homeowners looking to extend, renovate, or build. Understanding the difference between Permitted Development (PD) rights and Full Planning Applications can help you navigate the process smoothly while ensuring compliance with UK planning legislation.
In this guide, we'll break down:
What Permitted Development Rights under the General Permitted Development Order (GPDO) allow.
When a Full Planning Application is required.
Common pitfalls to avoid when planning residential projects.
Whether you're considering a loft conversion, side extension, or a new build, knowing the rules upfront can save you time, money, and stress.
What is Permitted Development (PD)?
Permitted Development Rights allow homeowners to make certain changes to their properties without needing Full Planning Permission. These rights are granted under the General Permitted Development Order (GPDO) and apply primarily to minor home improvements and extensions.
What You Can Do Under Permitted Development:
Single-storey rear extensions (up to 4m depth for detached houses, 3m for others).
Two-storey rear extensions (up to 3m depth, subject to additional conditions).
Loft conversions & dormer windows (within volume limits).
Garage conversions (if internal and not extending the footprint).
Porches (up to 3m²).
Outbuildings & garden rooms (with height and usage restrictions).
Key Restrictions on Permitted Development:
You cannot extend beyond PD size limits without planning permission.
Some listed buildings, conservation areas, and flats are excluded from PD rights.
Extensions must not cover more than 50% of the land around the house.
Height restrictions apply (e.g., maximum 4m for single-storey extensions).
Do You Need Prior Approval for PD?
In some cases, Prior Approval is required, meaning the local council must confirm your project meets specific conditions. For example, larger single-storey rear extensions (up to 8m for detached homes) require prior notification.
Tip: Always check with your local planning authority (LPA) before starting a PD project to ensure your plans comply.
When Do You Need Full Planning Permission?
If your project doesn’t fall within Permitted Development Rights, you’ll need to submit a Full Planning Application to your local council.
Common Projects Requiring Full Planning Permission:
Extensions beyond PD size limits.
Changes to the external appearance of a building (in some cases).
New detached dwellings or subdivisions of existing properties.
Significant structural changes (e.g., replacing a roof with a different structure).
Extensions in conservation areas or for listed buildings.
The Full Planning Application Process:
1️. Pre-Application Advice (Optional): Some councils offer a pre-application service to assess feasibility.
2️. Submit Plans & Documents: Includes drawings, a design statement, and site location plans.
3️. Public Consultation: The council notifies neighbours and relevant bodies.
4️. Decision (Usually Within 8 Weeks): The council grants approval, requests amendments, or refuses the application.
5️. Appeal Process: If refused, you can appeal or submit a revised application.
Planning Tip: Councils assess applications based on national and local planning policies, considering factors like impact on neighbours, design, and environmental concerns.
Common Mistakes & How to Avoid Them
Assuming PD Rights Apply Without Checking: Always confirm with your Local Planning Authority.
Ignoring Building Regulations: Even if PD applies, Building Control approval may still be needed.
Overlooking Neighbours’ Concerns: Even PD projects should consider potential objections.
Not Considering Future Restrictions: Some properties have Article 4 Directions removing PD rights.
Final Thoughts: Planning Your Residential Project with Confidence
Whether you're expanding your home under Permitted Development or applying for Full Planning Permission, understanding the rules can make all the difference.
At Studio Five Interior Design, we work with homeowners to create designs that balance aesthetics, functionality, and compliance with UK planning laws.